Table I: Eurobarometer 57.2, fieldwork

Table II

Closeness to nation (a)

SOURCES: ISSP 1995 - National Identity (ZA-No. 2880), Standard Eurobarometer 57.2 (2002).

(a) Countries are unweighted.

(b) The question asked in 1995 was "How close do you feel to (R's country)?" The participants responded to this question on a 4-point Likert-type scale (1 = very close; 2 = close; 3 = not very close; 4 = not close at all; 8 = can't choose, don't know; 9 = NA, refused).

Table III

Closeness to Europe and EU (a)

SOURCES: ISSP 1995 - National Identity (ZA-No. 2880), Standard Eurobarometer 57.2 (2002).

(a) Countries are unweighted.

(b) The question asked in 1995 was "How close do you feel to (R's relevant continent of subcontinent)?" The participants responded to this question on a 4-point Likert-type scale (1 = very close; 2 = close; 3 = not very close; 4 = not close at all; 8 = can't choose, don't know; 9 = NA, refused). Since this question is not coincident with those asked in the Standard Eurobarometer 57.2, we have considered two possibilities:

(c) Closeness to European Union citizens

(d) Closeness to fellow Europeans (including European Union citizens and people living in countries that are part of the European continent but which may not form part of the European Union)

Table IV

National versus dual identities and strength of attachments

(a) Computed from contingency table. This is the percentage of those who are very close or quite close to their nation and who simultaneously feel very close or quite close to the EU.

(b) Computed from contingency table. This is the percentage of the population with dual identities (they very close or close both to their nation and the EU) minus the percentage of population with only national identity (very close or close to their countries but not very, or not at all, close to the EU). A negative value indicate that most of the of the population in the country hold only national identities. A positive value indicates that the percentage of those with dual identities outnumbers the percentage of population with only national identification.

(c) Independently of the percentage of the population holding only national or dual identities, this column measures the relative strength of attachment to both identities. It is the median value of substracting median identification with the EU from median identification with the nation. A positive value indicates that attachment to the nation is stronger than attachment to the EU (that is closeness to the nation is closer).

Table V

Five most important items for national und European identification

Measures of compatibility between national and European identifications are taken from Table 4. SOURCE: Standard Eurobarometer 57.2 (2002).

Table VI

National identification: items mentioned among the five most important

Table VII

European identification: items mentioned among the five most important

Table VIII

Closeness to in-groups and out-groups. Optimal Scaling

Table IX

Elements of national identification. Optimal scaling

Table X

Elements of European identification. Optimal scaling

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