degree of policy misfit | degree of institutional misfit | |
The Netherlands | low | none |
United Kingdom | low | none |
Germany | high | medium |
Spain | high | high |
degree of policy misfit | degree of institutional misfit | |
The Netherlands | high | medium |
United Kingdom | high | medium |
Germany | medium | medium |
Spain | high | medium |
Seveso II Directive | Safety Data Sheets Directive | |
The Netherlands | absorption | slight absorption |
United Kingdom | absorption | inertia |
Germany | slow transformation | inertia |
Spain | slow transformation (Catalonia) inertia (other Communities) |
inertia |
veto-points | facilitating institutions | |
NL | few with little impact (industry) | yes |
UK | few with little impact (industry) | yes |
D | many (Länder, federal ministries & industry) |
partly (agencies are available, yet no tradition of expertise) |
E | many (Autonomous Communities) | hardly (only installed late, no tradition of expertise) |
change agents | cooperative political culture | |
NL | yes | yes |
UK | yes | yes |
D | to some extent | after some debates |
E | to some extent | to some extent |
veto-points | facilitating institutions | |
NL | no | yes |
UK | no | yes |
D | no | yes |
E | no | yes |
change agents | cooperative political culture | |
NL | yes | yes |
UK | no | yes |
D | no | yes |
E | no | yes |
misfit | presence mediating factors | expected change | actual change | |
NL | low | yes | absorption | absorption |
UK | low | yes | absorption | absorption |
D | medium/high | partly | inertia/absorption | slow transformation |
E | high | hardly | inertia | slow transformation |
misfit | presence mediating factors | expected change | actual change | |
NL | medium/high | Yes | transformation | slight absorption |
UK | medium/high | yes (except change agents) | absorption/transformation | inertia |
D | medium | yes (except change agents) | absorption/transformation | inertia |
E | medium/high | yes (except change agents) | absorption/transformation | inertia |